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The last three decades we have witnessed Islamist terrorists attack civlians for their agenda. What are the historical roots of the rage that twists someone’s mind to blow himself up in a crowded bus or a pop music concert?

Background
Islam’s origins and Ibn Taymiyya

Abd El-Wahab
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703–1792)

Sidebox: The founding of Saudi Arabia

Abul A’la Maududi
bul A’la Maududi (1903–1979)

1928: Al-Banna founds the Muslim Brotherhood

A Muslim Brotherhood assassinates the Egyptian PM

Al-Banna assassinated

Sayyid Qutb writes Milestones

Sayyid Qutb executed

Nasser kicks them out

Abdallah Azzam
mujahideen

Arab Spring – Islamists in power

Hamas

Collapse of Ottoman Empire/Khilafah

1990s: The Most Significant Islamist Attacks


Country

Date

Attack

Deaths

Known in the media as...

Egypt

November 17, 1997

Mass shooting

62

The Luxor massacre

France

July 25 – October 17, 1995

Bombings

8

Saudi Arabia

June 25, 1996

Truck bombing

20

Khobar Towers bombing

Tanzania
August 7, 1998
Truck bombing
224
1998 United States embassy bombings 
United States
February 26, 1993
Truck bombing
6
1993 World Trade Center bombing

2000s: The Most Significant Islamist Attacks

Country

Date

Attack

Deaths

Known in the media as...

Egypt
July 23, 2005
Suicide bombings
88
2005 Sharm El Sheikh bombings

Egypt

April 24, 2006

Bombings

23

2006 Dahab bombings

India

December 13, 2001

Suicide bombings, mass shooting

7

2001 Indian Parliament attack

India

July 11, 2006

Bombings

209

2006 Mumbai train bombings

India

July 26, 2008

Bombings

56

2008 Ahmedabad bombings

India

November 26, 2008

Mass shooting

166

Indonesia

October 12, 2002

Suicide bombings, car bombings

202

2002 Bali bombings

Indonesia

October 29, 2005

Bombings

60

2005 Tentena market bombings

Jordan

November 9, 2005

Truck bombing

60

2005 Amman bombings

Netherlands

November 2, 2004

Murder

1

The murder of Theo van Gogh 

Russia

September 1–3, 2004

Bombings, shootings

385

Beslan school siege

Spain
March 11, 2004
Bombings
192
Madrid train bombings
United Kingdom
July 7, 2005
Suicide bombings
52

The 7 July 2005 London bombings or 7/7

United States

September 11, 2001

Suicide aircraft hijacking

2,996

September 11 attacks

2010s: The Most Significant Islamist Attacks
(Only attacks of 10+ deaths unless they gained major media coverage)

Note: Attacks have been excluded from war or war-like zones such as those in Yemen, Libya, Somalia, Iraq, Syria, Afghanistan.

Country

Date

Attack

Deaths

Known in the media as...

Bangladesh

July 1, 2016

Shootings

26

Belgium

March 22, 2016

Suicide bombings

35

2016 Brussels bombings

Burkina Faso

January 15, 2016

Mass shooting

20+

2016 Ouagadougou attack

Burkina Faso

March 2, 2018

Mass shooting

30

2018 Ouagadougou attacks

Cameroon

December 28, 2014

Armed militants

30

Cameroon

July 13, 2015

Suicide bombing(s)

15

Cameroon

July 26, 2015

Suicide bombing(s)

15

Cameroon

January 25, 2016

Suicide bombing(s)

25

Chad

October 10, 2015

Suicide bombing(s)

33

Chad

December 5, 2015

Suicide bombing(s)

19

China

July 28, 2014

Armed gang

37

Egypt

October 31, 2015

Bomb on board a jet

224

Metrojet Flight 9268

Egypt

December 11, 2016

Suicide bombing(s)

29

Egypt

April 9, 2017

Suicide bombing(s)

47

Egypt

May 26, 2017

Gunman opened fire

28

Egypt

November 24, 2017

40 Gunmen opened fire

305

2017 Sinai mosque attack

France

January 7, 2015

Mass shooting

12

France

July 14, 2016

Truck attack

87

2016 Nice truck attack

France

November 13, 2015

Mass shootings and suicide bombings

137

November 2015 Paris attacks 

France

October 16, 2020

Murder

1

Murder of Samuel Paty

Germany

December 19, 2016

Truck attack

12

2016 Berlin truck attack

Ivory Coast

March 13, 2016

Armed gunmen

18

2016 Grand-Bassam shootings 

Iran

June 7, 2017

Suicide bombings and gunmen attacks

22

2017 Tehran attacks 

India

September 18, 2016

Mass shootings

18

2016 Uri attack 

India

July 27, 2015

Mass shootings

10

2015 Gurdaspur attack

Indonesia

May 13, 2018

Suicide bombing(s)

25

2018 Surabaya bombings-Suicide attack

Kuwait

June 26, 2015

Suicide bombing(s)

27

2015 Kuwait mosque bombing

Kenya

January 15, 2019

Mass shooting

21+

Nairobi DusitD2 complex attack 

Kenya

April 2, 2015

Mass shooting

148

Garissa University College attack

Lebanon

November 12, 2015

Suicide bombing(s)

42

Niger

November 25, 2015

Mass shooting

18

Nigeria

January 8, 2015

Mass shooting

200+

2015 Baga massacre

Nigeria

February 14, 2014

Mass shooting

200+

Nigeria

June 26–30, 2015

Mass shooting

200+

Nigeria

August 28–30, 2015

Mass shooting

79

Nigeria

May 1, 2018

Mass shooting and suicide bombings

86

2018 Mubi suicide bombings

Nigeria

November 28, 2014

Suicide bombings

120

2014 Kano bombing

Pakistan

May 28, 2010

Mass shooting and suicide bombings

86

2010 Ahmadiyya mosques massacre

Pakistan

December 16, 2014

Mass shooting and suicide bombings

140

2014 Peshawar school massacre

Pakistan

July 13, 2018

Suicide bombing and IED

154

2018 Mastung and Bannu bombings

Pakistan

December 29, 2017

Suicide bombing

27

Pakistan

August 8, 2016

Mass shooting and suicide bombings

77

Philippines

January 27, 2019

Suicide bombings and explosions

20

2019 Jolo Cathedral bombings

Philippines

August 24, 2020

Suicide bombings and explosions

14

2020 Jolo bombings 

Russia

March 29, 2010

Suicide bombings

40

Moscow Metro bombings

Saudi Arabia

May 22, 2015

Suicide bombing

21

Spain

August 17-18, 2017

Vehicle-ramming and stabbing

15

2017 Barcelona attacks 

Sri Lanka

April 21, 2019

Suicide bombings

259

2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings

Tunisia

March 18, 2015

Mass shooting

21

Bardo National Museum attack

Tunisia

June 26, 2015

Mass shooting

38

2015 Sousse attacks

Turkey

July 20, 2015

Suicide bombing

33

2015 Suruç bombing

Turkey

October 10, 2015

Suicide bombing

102

2015 Ankara bombings 

Turkey

January 1, 2017

Mass shooting

39

United Kingdom

May 22, 2013

Murder

1

Murder of Lee Rigby

United Kingdom

May 22, 2017

Suicide bombing

22

Manchester Arena bombing

United Kingdom

June 3, 2017

Vehicle-ramming

11

2017 London Bridge attack

United States

April 15, 2013

Bombings

3

Boston Marathon bombing

United States

December 2, 2015

Mass shooting

14

2015 San Bernardino attack

United States

June 12, 2016

Mass shooting

49

Orlando nightclub shooting

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